Utilization of AMF and Essential Host Plants to Increase Growth of Sandalwood Seeds (Santalum album L.)
Keywords:
Santalum album L, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Host Plants
Abstract
Sandalwood (Santalum album L.) is one of the native trees of Nusa Tenggara Timur Province because ithas high economic value and is the best endemic species in the world. The essential oil content in it has a very distinctive aroma and can be used to make various products such as handicrafts, wood carvings, incense, and oils for the perfume and cosmetics industry. Sandalwood is a semi parasitic plant whose life requires a host plant to obtain nutrients and water in the soil. There are many types of host plants that have been used, including casuarina equisetifolia, acacia mangium, sesbania grandiflora, alternanthera sp. and capsicum annum. In this research, sandalwood plants will be tested with the host plant Cymbopogon nardus, which from an economic point of view can provide benefits. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are a group of fungi from the phylum Glomeromycota which have mutualism symbiosis with higher plant root systems. AMF is able to survive on dry land. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of AMF and the use of essential host plants to increase the growth of Sandalwood seeds in Timor Tengah Utara. In the parameter of high increase, the results of the Duncan test showed that the highest AMF treatment for agroforestry land and host chili plants was 19.01, which was different from AMF for agroforestry land within a host plant, Cymbopogon nardus namely 15.44. In the increase in diameter, the results of the Duncan test showed that the AMF treatment of agroforestry land and host chili plants had a significant effect on all treatments, namely 9.11. Duncan test results on plant biomass parameters showed that AMF treatment and host plants chili and lemongrass gave good treatment, namely 3.54 and 3.53 on shoot dry weight parameters and 3.75 and 3.42 root dry weight compared to control, namely 0.27, while at root and shoot ratio seed quality index, the seeds are suitable for use because they comply with the standard. In the parameters of root colonization, AMF and the host plants of chili and lemongrass were both able to adapt well, namely 56.0 and 54.0.
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References
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Bano Et., H., 2001. The Role of Sandalwood in the NTT Economy: Past and Present. Biology News Volume 5 Number 5 August 2001. Special Edition on Sandalwood Issues in NTT. Bogor: Biological Research Center-LIPI. Pp 469-474.
Forestry Research Institute [Balitbang] Kupang 2009. Development of Sandalwood Research and Development in Nusa Tenggara. Kupang (ID): Forestry and Nature Conservation Research and Development Agency.
Butar Butar T, Faah G. 2008. The Need To Improve Sandalwood Management Policies In NTT. Journal of Policy Analysis Vol. 5 No 2: 121-130.
Damanik S. 2007. Economic analysis of lemongrass farming (Case Study of Gunung Halu sub-district, South Bandung district). Journal of the Center for Research and Development of Plantation Bulk Lotro Vol XVIII No 2: 203-221.
Dickson A, Leaf AL, Hosner JF, 1960. Quality appraisal of white spruce and white pine seedling stock in nurseries. Forest Chron. 36: 10-13.
NTT Provincial Forestry Service. (2009b). Progress of the Development of Sandalwood Forest in East Nusa Tenggara Province in the Context of Realizing the Commitment of the Sandalwood Province: Conditions in June 2009. 97p. Kupang: NTT Provincial Forestry Service.
Haryjanto L. 2007. Conservation of Sandalwood Genetic Resources (Santalum album Linn.). Proceedings of the Degree of Sandalwood Technology "Sandalwood for the People: Development of Sandalwood Plants on Community Land", dated 19 December 2006 Puslitbang Forests and Nature Conservation. Bogor. 53-59p.
Kartika, E. 2006. Growth Response, Nutrient Uptake, and Morphophysiological Characters to Drought Stress in Oil Palm Seedlings Symbiosis with CMA [Dissertation]. Bogor (ID): Bogor Agricultural University.
Ministry of Forestry [Kemenhut] and the NTT Provincial Government. 2010. Master Plan for Sandalwood Development and Conservation of East Nusa Tenggara Province 2010-2030. Kupang: Kupang Forestry Research Institute.
Mansur I. 2000. Diversity of rhizobia nodulating the tree legumes Acacia mangium and Paraserianthes falcataria and their interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in young seedlings. PhD Dissertation, University of Kent at Canterbury, Kent, UK.
Matsuo Y. and Mimaki Y. 2010. Lignans from Santalum album and their cytotoxic activities. Chem Pharm Bull 58: 587-590.
Njurumana GN, Marsono D, Irham, Sadono R. 2013. Community-based sandalwood conservation (Santalum album Linn) in the Kaliwu system on Sumba Island. Environmental Sciences 11 (2): 51-61.
Prajnanta, F., 2011. Overcoming the Problems of Planting Chili. Jakarta: Self-help spreader.
Prihastuti. 2007. Isolation and characterization of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae in acid dry land, Central Lampung. Berk. Penel. Hayati: 12 (99-106).
Rahayu, S. Wawo, AH Noordwijk, MV and Hairiah, K. 2002. Cendana (Santalum album Linn.), Deregulation and development strategies. World Agroforestry-ICRAF. Bogor.Indonesia.
Schüßler A, Walker C. 2010. The Glomeromycota. A species list with new families and new genera. Kew (GB): The Royal Botanic Garden Kew.
Smith SE, Read DJ. 2008. Mycorrhizal symbiosis. Third ed. New York (US): Academic Press Soewandito, H. 2008. Study of soil fertility and analysis of land suitability for plantation crop commodities in Bengkalis district. Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology, 10 (2): 128-133.
Wawo AH. 2009. Influence of Number of Acacia (SeedlingsAcacia villosa) and Local Lamtoro (Leucaena glauca)as Primary Hosts of Sandalwood (Santalum album L.). Bul. Littro. 20 (1): 50–58.
Published
2021-01-31
How to Cite
Pareira, M., & Agu, Y. (2021). Utilization of AMF and Essential Host Plants to Increase Growth of Sandalwood Seeds (Santalum album L.). Savana Cendana, 6(01), 16-18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32938/sc.v6i01.1243
Section
Original research article
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