Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Diversifikasi Mata Pencaharian Rumah Tangga Petani Kopi Arabika Di Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta, Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Abstract
Petani kopi arabika di Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta seharusnya sejahtera karena menghasilkan salah satu kopi yang terkenal di Sumatera Utara. Faktanya pendapatan petani kopi arabika rendah. Kejadian pandemi Covid 19 membuat tekanan ekonomi yang lebih berat pada petani kopi arabika. Setiap rumah tangga petani pasti memiliki strategi untuk menghadapi tekanan ekonomi. Rumah tangga petani kopi arabika kemungkinan melakukan diversifikasi mata pencaharian pada masa pandemi Covid 19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji sumber mata pencaharian, mengukur tingkat diversifikasi dan faktor yang mempengaruhi diversifikasi mata pencaharian rumah tangga petani kopi arabika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mata pencaharian rumah tangga petani kopi arabika bersumber dari kegiatan pertanian, non pertanian, dan luar pertanian. Berdasarkan indeks diversifikasi, kajian kami menemukan diversifikasi mata pencaharian tingkat menengah yang dilakukan oleh rumah tangga petani. Berdasarkan model regresi tobit, rumah tangga petani kopi arabika yang memiliki jumlah anggota keluarga relatif banyak berpotensi meningkatkan diversifikasi mata pencaharian, sedangkan rumah tangga petani yang memiliki pendidikan yang tinggi, pengalaman bertani yang relatif lama, dan jarak ke pasar yang relatif jauh berpotensi menurunkan diversifikasi mata pencaharian.
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References
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Asegie, A. M., Adisalem, S. T., & Eshetu, A. A. (2021). The effects of COVID-19 on livelihoods of rural households: South Wollo and Oromia Zones, Ethiopia. Heliyon, 7(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2021.E08550
Béné, C. (2020). Resilience of local food systems and links to food security – A review of some important concepts in the context of COVID-19 and other shocks. Food Security, 12(4), 805–822. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12571-020-01076-1/FIGURES/2
BPS Sumut. (2022). Upah Minimum Provinsi (UMP) dan Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK) menurut Kabupaten/Kota (Rupiah), 2019-2021. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sumatera Utara. https://sumut.bps.go.id/indicator/6/188/1/upah-minimum-provinsi-ump-dan-upah-minimum-kabupaten-kota-umk-menurut-kabupaten-kota.html
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Etea, B. G., Zhou, D., Abebe, K. A., & Sedebo, D. A. (2020). Is income diversification a means of survival or accumulation? Evidence from rural and semi-urban households in Ethiopia. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22(6), 5751–5769. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10668-019-00449-7/TABLES/6
Greene, W. H. (2008). Econometric Analysis (6th ed.). Prentice Hall. http://www.sciepub.com/reference/179239
ICO. (2019, April). Impact of Covid-19 on The Global Coffee Sector: The Demand Side . International Coffee Organization. https://www.ico.org/documents/cy2019-20/coffee-break-series-1e.pdf
Jiao, X., Pouliot, M., & Walelign, S. Z. (2017). Livelihood Strategies and Dynamics in Rural Cambodia. World Development, 97, 266–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WORLDDEV.2017.04.019
Kusumaningrum, S., Siagian, C., & Beazley, H. (2021). Children during the COVID-19 pandemic: children and young people’s vulnerability and wellbeing in Indonesia. Children’s Geographies, 20(4), 437–447. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2021.1900544
Leng, C., Ma, W., Tang, J., & Zhu, Z. (2020). ICT adoption and income diversification among rural households in China. Applied Economics, 52(33), 3614–3628. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2020.1715338
Martin, S. M., & Lorenzen, K. (2016). Livelihood Diversification in Rural Laos. World Development, 83, 231–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WORLDDEV.2016.01.018
OECD. (2003). Farm household incomes. In OECD Observer (Vol. 194). https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264099678-EN
Purba, G., Hermanto, B., & Yusniar. (2019). Analisis Pendapatan Petani Kopi Arabika (Coffea Arabica) dengan Studi Kasus Kecamatan Doloksanggul, Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan [Universitas Medan Area]. http://repository.uma.ac.id/handle/123456789/11017
Putranti, D., & Indriyani, D. A. (2021). Perlindungan Indikasi Geografis oleh Masyarakat Perlindungan Indikasi Geografis Pasca Sertifikasi di Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum, 15(3), 395–414. https://doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2021.V15.395-414
Rahman, M. S., Majumder, M. K., Sujan, M. H. K., & Manjira, S. (2021). Livelihood status of coastal shrimp farmers in Bangladesh: Comparison before and during COVID-19. Aquaculture Reports, 21. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AQREP.2021.100895
Sarker, M. N. I., Wu, M., Alam, G. M., & Shouse, R. C. (2020). Livelihood diversification in rural Bangladesh: Patterns and determinants in disaster prone riverine islands. Land Use Policy, 96. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LANDUSEPOL.2020.104720
Shah, A. A., Gong, Z., Khan, N. A., Khan, I., Ali, M., & Naqvi, S. A. A. (2021). Livelihood diversification in managing catastrophic risks: evidence from flood-disaster regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(30), 40844–40857. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11356-021-13598-Y/METRICS
Wang, P., Yan, J., Hua, X., & Yang, L. (2019). Determinants of livelihood choice and implications for targeted poverty reduction policies: A case study in the YNL river region, Tibetan Plateau. Ecological Indicators, 101, 1055–1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECOLIND.2019.02.007
Published
2023-02-07
How to Cite
Nababan, M., Pakpahan, H., Manullang, N., & Simatupang, J. (2023). Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Diversifikasi Mata Pencaharian Rumah Tangga Petani Kopi Arabika Di Kecamatan Lintong Nihuta, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. AGRIMOR, 8(1), 22-29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32938/ag.v8i1.2012
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Original research article
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